Golf Physics Essays - Classical Mechanics, Rotation,

Golf Physics As anyone who has played a round of golf will attest to, the sport is based around many fundamental principals of physics. These basic laws are involved with every aspect of the game from how a player swings the club to how the ball moves through the air on its way toward the pin. It is the challenge that physics presents to the golfer that has allowed the game, and equipment used, to develop so drastically over the past one hundred years. The first golf balls used were called featheries. They were made with a horsehide cover packed with wet goose feathers. When the balls dried they became extremely hard. The major flaw with the featheries was that they could not be used when the conditions were wet because they would soften again.[5] Despite the flaw of the featheries, they remained the only ball used up until the middle of the 19th century when the revolutionary gutta-percha ball was invented. The new ball, sometimes referred to as a "guttie", was molded from the warmed, dried gum of the sapodilla tree.[5] These balls were cheap to manufacture and opened up the game of golf to a more diverse socio-economic group. This in turn made the game of golf very popular, which led to dramatic improvements in golf balls in the next decades. In 1900 a unique event occurred. Some claim that it can be called the first professional sports endorsement. The Spalding Company paid England's Harry Vardon a considerable sum of money to come to the United States to demonstrate what he could do in winning tournaments using the latest ball design. He won the U.S. Open using the new rubber-wound Haskell ball.[5] This led to another major revolution in the design of the golf ball. Not only was this ball cheap to manufacture, but also it could be hit farther than any other ball previously used. The Haskell ball was such a success that it was not until 1968 that the two-piece balls of today emerged in the market. Obviously a lot of time, effort, research, and money were put forth into the development of the golf ball, as it is manufactured today. The reason for this ongoing process is to help a golfer use some laws of physics to his advantage (i.e. placing spin on the ball to create lift) while finding a work around for other physical properties that can be detrimental to a players golf game (i.e. drag which causes the ball to slow down and fly closer to the ground). When examining the physics, which surrounds the game of golf, one must carefully consider all aspects of the game, not just the golf ball or even just the equipment being used. The stroke is by far the most important aspect to any participants round of golf. Among the scientific community, an event, such as the golf stroke, is thought of as a dynamic process using the physical principals of mechanics based on Newton's Laws of motion. The stroke is actually three separate events; the swing of the club, the impact of the club head with the ball, and the flight of the ball toward the target. It is the sum of these three parts that makes a successful stroke. Before delving into the details of the golf stroke, it is important for one to consider the general concepts of motion that control the swing of the golf club. Two men are most influential in this area of study, Galileo Galilee and Isaac Newton. It is the principles of these two men that will be used during the discussion of the physics of golf. A brief explanation of momentum, moment of inertia, torque, centripetal force, and centrifugal force can be located in "Appendix 4". These terms were derived from the experiments and research of first Galileo, and then expanded upon by Newton. Although neither of these two men are solely responsible for all of the physical principals presented in this paper, Galileo and Newton were two of the most influential men in these areas of study. When a scientist attempts to explain something, he or she always develops a model to work with. In the case of the golf stroke, it has become evident that comparing such an action to the snapping of a whip lends itself nicely to a deeper understanding. The model appropriate to the study of a whip, such as a bullwhip, would be a large number of small rods with flexible connections. This is important to understanding

Practical Networking essays

Practical Networking essays Every branch, including the Head Office in Johannesburg, will need to have a DHCP  ¡V Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server. This enables for IP addresses in that particular network to be assigned dynamically to all networked computers. This protocol brings with the advantages of: The Proxy or Internet Server that is connected to the PDC in the head office has to run the Hypertext Transfer Protocol. This allows a Web Server to be connected to Web Browsers. For this reason all the computers in any domain of any branch that requires Internet access also need to run this protocol. It creates a link between the workstation of the user and any document he/she is trying to reach. This server also needs to run an SMTP  ¡V Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. As its name suggests, this protocol allows for the transmission of mail from one Server to another. It is the most popular because it is fast, reliable and effective. On the other side of things, the PDC ¡s in the domains of the branches need to run the Internet Mail Access Protocol  ¡V IMAP or the Post Office Protocol  ¡V POP to enable individual staff members to download their mail. The IMAP may have a lot of advantages in comparison to POP and infact seems to be replacing it in certain places: « Messages ca...

Psychological Profiling Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Psychological Profiling - Case Study Example It has been reported that Jane was last seen on 24th May 2008 on Wednesday, wearing blue denim jeans corresponding up with a blue and white striped sweater, red court shoes and a complementary shoulder bag with her credit cards and mobile phone inside it. She was also tiring tights, bra and knickers inside her clothes, which were found at the place where the corpse was exposed. She went misplaced the night she had gathering plans with her group of friends at a close by bar and the Police spoke to all her friends concerning the entrance of Jane Smith at the appointment place and her friends learned saying that Jane was supposed to make it to the pub as planned at somewhere around eight or nine pm and she would always enlighten her friends if she was to get any late for the get-together. The dead body was found at Water ship Common which is a locality about fifteen miles away from her house and where a fire was reported on 17th July, 2008 on Thursday, and since the fire was located jus t thirty yards away from the road people around the area were apprehensive that the fire could get out of hands but earlier than it was too late the authorities came and took concern of it and that is when the dead body of Jane Smith was exposed harshly charred and without any clothes on. DNA and dental assessment were the only firm evidences through which it was recognized as Jane Smith's body for the reason that the entire body was burnt with the head covered by a charred piece of cardboard and the base of the fire was the lower abdominal part and the genital parts of the dead body. A green scarf was also exposed right underneath the cardboard covering the head also and after the assessment of the head area the neck was inspected and which was exposed tied around compactly with a pair of tights along with a number of metal eyeholes all about the body and the over all state of the dead body looked like to some extent a canvas covering. There were no accommodations done to obscure t he body along with its surroundings that were chiefly open woodland and un-destroyed views of the complete area through the neighbouring road. The state of the body predicts a very weird behavioural pattern when it comes to the executioner and perhaps we can prognosticate that the killer could have been in a very choleric and pitiless state of mind. For illustration, we often hear about harshly killed young girls which also involves a progression of deaths in the same patterning or method and mostly the offenders are eccentric stalkers who are one way or another fanatical with raping and ultimately killing these girls. In this case the kind of crime is perhaps premeditated murder which can be predicted from side to side the condition of the body that clearly states that the girl was either kidnapped first or willingly taken to this location followed by corporeal harm or torture and then ultimately the place was burnt down with the exercise of petrol all over the consign and body. Rational Result: The stipulation of the body makes it safe to finish that the girl was perhaps intentionally kidnapped or mugged on the street then taken to the place and physically abused and then ultimately burnt down so that all the evidences including the major one that of the body can disappear and probably for the reason that the criminal planned on departure no mark at the back. The Police

SEE THE ATTACHMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

SEE THE ATTACHMENT - Essay Example Due to factors of its formation, hydraulic fracturing has faced critics between different groups of scientist especially the environmentalists and the miners of the United States of America. A number of bills have been passed to criticise and support this kind of method. I guess it is time for a push for these bills to be passed since manufacturers and miners have caused a lot of health complication and environmental degradation but a proper punishment have not been given to these polluters. Discussion First call; supportive argument Surely by now people living around mine field’s area none of you can deny that hydraulic fracturing has been the major cause of air pollution. Institution like the University of Arizona is supporting the use of hydraulic fracturing. In Beijing on 27th of November 2013, authorities in the capital destroyed more than 500 open air barbecues due to small particulate matters in the air that can enter deep into lungs causing health difficulty (abc News) . In a survey published by environmentalists group, 86% of those polled said that air pollution have caused health complication, 40% reported that environmental degradation have been highly caused by hydraulic fracturing. ... The university group can therefore develop various ways to improve the air quality while maintaining the hydraulic fracturing method. The environment department of the university call consider bringing together a group of experts to participate in the discussion of the risk involved in hydraulic fracturing. Â   Scientific research team from the group recently formed in the University of Arizona, the GREEN (Greening Research, Education and Environment Network) can develop research study that can help determine the impact of hydraulic fracturing and its effect to air and water pollution. The group can come up with various proof as to what cause the environmental air pollution apart from the hydraulic fracturing at the same time they can determine certain element that pin hydraulic fracturing as the source of air pollution. They as well can figure out the fact found in the research carried out in 1997, where an important study appeared in the New England Journal of medicine, the author s, Donald Redelmeier and Robert Tibshirani studied around 700 volunteers who made health as a study subject to the hydraulic fracturing effect to the environment. The participants agreed to report any non-fatal collision in which they were involved in during the research; the researchers then assessed the dangers involved with air pollution. The result was that people who were close to the mines and industries were highly exposed to the effects of air pollution fracking. Groups have argued differently, the scientist from different countries have argued that the reservoir stimulation through the hydraulic fracture is a critical element in unlocking geothermal potential energy

Group analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Group analysis - Essay Example Six of the members were teachers and the remaining members were from different administrative departments. The goal of the meeting was clearly mentioned in the invitation letter which was sent to the members two days earlier. The letter said that the goal of the meeting was to find creative and effective solutions for the problems experienced by adult learners in adjusting in the classroom and in doing the administrative work related to their admission and paperwork. Hence, the members were already aware of the intention of the meeting and were mentally prepared for the topic. The members had occupied their chairs around the rectangular table in the room. However, from the body language of the members in the meeting, it was evident that Mr. Miller, who had occupied a chair near the projector screen, was the leader of the group. The Leader It was Mr. Miller who started the meeting by greeting the members. He welcomed everyone and thanked the members for attending the meeting. Everyone was attentive to him when he was talking. He had an aura of authority to his presence. He asked the members if they have received the letter mentioning the goals of the meeting. He found that two of the teachers and one member from administrative department did not receive the letter. This annoyed Mr. Miller slightly and he noted down something in his notebook. Then, he turned to the member named Sandra and asked her to check why the letter did not reach everyone and assured the group that this will not happen again. Later, he declared the agenda of the meeting. Agenda The agenda of the meeting was to find creative and interesting ways to create a friendly and welcome atmosphere for the adults ‘going back to school.’ Mr. Miller asked everyone if they agreed with the need to change the school environment so as to make adults ‘going back to school’ comfortable in the classrooms. Everyone agreed by confirming verbally and also by nodding their heads. Then Mr. Miller asked the members if they had any ideas. Three of the group members raised their hands. Mr. Miller asked them to express their opinions and share their ideas. One by one, three of the members shared their ideas with the group. Sandra was taking down the notes when they were discussing. Others seemed to agree very strongly as they were very happy with the suggestions and also added their opinions to make the ideas better. By the end of the discussion, the group had come up with 6-7 ideas to make the classroom environment adult learner friendly. All the members played an active role in the meeting. The members from administrative department of the school came up with the idea to make the paper work easy for the adult learners by allocating separate administrative counters for them. It was also decided that as the adult learners usually find it difficult to work on computers, they will be given all the technical assistance needed in completing the administrative procedures. The teachers suggested that extra curricular activities like picnics, games, family days etc. will help in building a bond between the young students and the adult learners. One of the teachers also suggested an idea of pairing, where young students will be paired with the adult learners

Ethical Dilemma Of Exporting Capital For Production Abroad

Ethical Dilemma Of Exporting Capital For Production Abroad With ethical dilemma in association with exporting capital for production abroad I would say that companies shouldnt be made to continue operations if they are no longer profitable. In my belief, one of the main reasons corporations would export capital for production abroad would be to maximize profits to their shareholders. This would be a Libertarians way of thinking, meaning perspective is that individual well-being, prosperity, and social harmony are fostered by as much liberty as possible and as little government as necessary. (What is a Lilbertarian?) and I believe that when a business is no longer profitable executives look for ways to cut costs, and since lower wages can be paid in other countries this can bring in big savings for the company. Early in the 19th century, a utilitarian would have tended to favor free trade. I believe that nowadays the utilitarian would be for placing constraints on the export of production abroad. Since utilitarians want an economic system tha t will be bring more good to society than any other system (Shaw Barry, 2010) Corporations should be allowed to remain competitive and if that means exporting capital (after all alternatives have been exhausted) then so be it. However, I do feel that corporations have a moral responsibility to its employees and the community that they are abandoning. Utilitarian theory is to produce the greatest good over bad for a greater number of people. Exporting capital for production overseas has helped tremendously in the development of other countries. Lending money on the other hand to other countries can condemn them to impoverishment for the near future (Shaw Barry, 2010) Companies should be figuring out the benefit and cost for both the immediate and future outcomes. A Utilitarian does not necessarily mean that the right action is the one that returns the greatest, but the principle is to maximize the greatest benefits for all. An ethical dilemma that is associated with exporting banned products is simply the fact that people can be injured or even die as a result in using this banned product. Therefore, with this in mind, I would definitely say that constraints should be placed on the exportation of products banned in the U.S. To support my decision, I will use the ethical theory by German philosopher, Immanuel Kant for my justification. Kants ethical theory is based on the theory that moral issues can, in principle, be known because of reason alone and are not based on observation. In contrast to Utilitarianism and other consequentialist doctrines, Kants ethical theory holds that we do not have to know anything about the likely results of, say, my telling a lie to my boss in order to know that it is immoral. The basis of obligation must not be sought in human nature, or in the circumstances of the world. It should be a priori, by which he meant that moral reasoning is not based on factual knowledge and t hat reason by itself can reveal the basic principles of mortality.(Shaw Barry, 2010, p. 69) However, the argument that the benefits of exporting supplies with the possibility of misuse is that the good outweighs the bad. In other words, the betterment that can be realized from a product if it is used properly outweighs the bad that can result from misuse. For this reason, I feel that some constraints should be placed on the freedom to export commodities that have the potential for misuse and Utilitarianism, a consequentialist theory, will support my statement. I think that one point that supports the theory of Utilitarianism is the fact that utilitarians wish to maximize happiness not simply immediately but in the long run as well. (Shaw Barry, 2010) Kants ethics gives us firm standards that do not depend on results, and gives us a moral decision, making it the importance of acting on principle and from a sense of duty. I would believe that if banned in the U.S. that should be reason enough. If they are not good enough for our country, then why should they be any different anywhere else? Kants theory also applies here, by saying that an act is right only if the actor would be willing to be treated the same if the position of the parties the other way around. (Shaw Barry, 2010) Kant is best known for defending a version of the respect for persons principle which implies that any business practice that puts money on a par with people is immoral. Ethical problems have a negative impact upon people in ways that are in their control. They may hurt or cause harm to others that might be unwarranted. The ethical problem becomes more difficult if it results in different outcomes, with benefits for some and damages or harm for others. Therefore, through downsizing the company may achieve better financial results and profitability in order to cope with increasing competition or declining market. According to an article, I was reading in Business Week, Anytime were faced with a decision that can affect the rights or well-being of others, were looking at an ethical issue. No matter how strong the justifications for reducing the workforce are or seem to be, laying off loyal and productive employees is an upsetting experience for all concerned, and those on the receiving end face not just financial but psychological injury. (Bruce Weinstein, 2008) From any realistic ethical perspective, the answer is always a yes. A company that provides no jobs and no benefits has a net worth of absolutely nothing at best, and is harmful at worst, as people have invested their lives in the venture, and will have to seek employment elsewhere, presumably from a similar industry, which is probably also suffering in most cases. I dont mean to be offensive or contrarian or critical, but I think a better question would be: Should a business be allowed to downsize in the face of economic difficulty if it could afford to do otherwise? In that case the answer from a rule utilitarian perspective becomes much more difficult, and depends upon a number of factors. Is nonprofit ability sustainable for an acceptable length of time? Is the potential for investment and growth going to provide greater benefit than downsizing? Im not sure that rule utilitarianism can even answer this question. I think act utilitarianism would be better suited, and in the case of the second question, my answer would no. As for breaking a union contract, I think that this is a tough one for rule utilitarianism. From the level of the contract, it is not acceptable, as it violates the rules presumably set forth for the greatest benefit of all. Then again, if breaking the contract can save jobs, rule utilitarianism has defeated itself. From the rule perspective, my answer would be no, as there are without a doubt provisions for negotiation that can be used to redefine the rules in case of a crisis. A job that pays you less is better than no job at all under either form of utilitarianism.

Effects of Restricting the Type and Amount of Video Game Use by Childre

Effects of Restricting the Type and Amount of Video Game Use by Children Popularity of Video Games Playing video games has become almost as popular as watching television. The vast majority of school children play video games; they are part of the daily routine of 65% of American households. Video games account for 30% of the US toy market and the annual earnings from video games approaches nine billion dollars, which is more than the gross sales from box office tickets for movies. This amount is 10 times the amount spent on production of children’s educational television programming (Walsh, 1999). Despite the popularity of video games, parents and teachers alike question whether or not this activity has any educational value. Moreover, as the quality and realism of video games improve with advances in technology, it is likely that children's interest in video games is going to increase, not decrease. For example, interactive video games, multimedia video games, and virtual reality video games are already on the market. It has been, and will continue to be difficult f or parents to keep their children from playing this new generation of video games. The purpose of this review is to explore the issue of whether or not parents should restrict the type of video game their children play and the amount of time their children play video games. Positive and Negative Aspects Clearly, there are several negative aspects to playing video games. Parents have little control over the types of games their children choose to play. Perhaps the only meaningful questions we can ask are "should they control the type of video game their child uses, e.g., traditional versus those with â€Å"proven therapeutic value?" (Parente, 1997). Sh... ...gy 2.1: 69-74. Parente, A. (1997). Does video games improve attention-concentration and hand-eye coordination: Short report? Cognitive Technology 2.2: 41-43. Phillips, C.A., Rolls, S., Rouse, A., & Griffiths, M.D. (1995). Home video game playing in schoolchildren: A study of incidence and patterns of play. Journal of Adolescence 18.6: 687-691. Scientific Research. Retrieved 16 September 2001. http://www.playattention.com/studies.htm. The Effects of Video Games on How Children Learn. Retrieved 5 June 2001. http://pluto.palomar.edu/renteria030/essay2.htm. Twum, M. (1994). Maximizing generalization of cognition and memory after traumatic brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation, 4.3: 157-167. Video Games: Harmfully Addictive or A Unique Educational Environment? Retrieved 5 June 2001. http://www.eeng.dcu.ie/~tcs/Articles/VideoGamesInterview.html.

Feudalism and Court Services Vassals

Feudalism began in France around A. D. 900 and spread. The feudal hierarchy was an arrangement of rank resembling a pyramid. At the top of the pyramid was the king. In the feudal relationship the king was the suzerain, or lord, of a group of dukes and counts who were his vassals. Each of these vassals was in turn lord to lesser vassals, who had even less important vassals. At the bottom of the pyramid were the knights, who had no vassals. Lord and vassal owed certain obligations to each other. The vassal pledged to perform certain services for his lord, and in return the lord granted him a fief, or fee. A fief was anything that was considered useful or valuable. Usually, a fief was a piece of land, jurisdiction over the peasants who lived on the land, and ownership of the goods they produced. All fiefs were technically owned by the king, but a vassal held, in effect, all the rights of ownership of the fief as long as he performed the services required by his lord. The entire kingdom was divided into fiefs, except for the land held by the king personally. Feudal tenure was hereditary. When a vassal died, his heir did homage for his fief and swore an oath of fealty to his lord, promising to be faithful and render service. In the ceremony of investiture, the lord handed his vassal some symbol—such as a sword or a clod of earth—in token of title, and promised to defend the vassal's fief. If a vassal died leaving a minor heir, the lord usually became the guardian of the fief and managed it. If the heir was an unmarried daughter, the lord could select a husband for her because only a male could perform the services of the fief. Feudal services were the services that a vassal owed his lord varied. Military or Knight Service: A vassal was expected to serve his lord in war. Usually he served 40 days a year at his own expense if engaged in an offensive action against his lord's enemy. In a defensive action the term of service was unlimited. A knight was expected to furnish only his horse and armor, but great vassals had to supply hundreds of knights and men-at-arms. With Court Services vassals had to serve, when summoned, in the lord's court. They were called upon to give the lord advice. They also met in assembly to settle disputes between vassals. This was the origin of the principle of trial by a jury of peers, or equals. Vassals were also summoned for ceremonial occasions, such as investitures. Financial Obligations included: A relief, or gift, to the lord when the fief passed to an heir. It amounted usually to a year's income. Aids, payments made by vassals when their lord needed additional resources. A common aid was to help ransom the lord when he was taken prisoner in war. Other aids were given when the lord's eldest daughter was married and when his eldest son became a knight. They were obligated to entertain the lord when he paid a visit. During feudal warfare a powerful vassal who did not fulfill his obligations could usually withstand his lord's wrath if he owned a strong castle, since medieval castles were almost impossible to overrun. Forty days' service—the usual limit for knights in the attacking force—left insufficient time for siege operations. Private warfare between nobles who were neither lord nor vassal to each other was common in France, since the king could not control the vassals of his vassals. The church sought to limit strife by forbidding warfare on certain days of the week and during church festivals. Chivalry developed as a code of conduct for knights. Feudalism came to an end as the kings increased their power and forced the lesser landowners to obey their orders. Feudalism was introduced in England in 1066 following the Battle of Hastings and the Norman Conquest. The Normans, led by William the Conqueror who was crowned King William I of England were responsible for introducing feudalism to England. Feudalism was based on the exchange of land for military service. William the Conqueror claimed all the land in England and divide the land between himself (about 20%), the church (about 25%) and the remainder of English land was given to Norman soldiers and nobles (barons). Following the Norman Conquest William the Conqueror ordered a full survey of England which was called the Doomsday Book. It gave the new King of England full details of the land, the people and how much taxes and dues would be paid to the Normans. Under the Feudal system the vassals who were awarded land swore an Oath of Fealty to their lord and provided fully equipped soldiers under the Feudal Levy. Medieval Serfs were peasants who worked his lord's land and paid him certain dues in return for the use of land, the possession (not the ownership) of which was heritable. When the land changed owners during the time of feudalism the peasants were obliged to work for the new owners – the Normans. The decline of feudalism in England occurred due to many events including the Black Death, changes from a land-based economy to a money based economy and the establishment of Centralized government. Feudalism began in 410 AD with the fall of Rome. Feudalism in Germany was different from that of France and England. The old Germanic tribes which plagued the Roman emperors emerged again after Charlemagne's successors lost power. Four stem duchies eventually emerged as the most powerful in Germany: Saxony, Franconia, Swabia, and Bavaria. One strong duke, Otto of Saxony (936-973) tried to establish lordship over the other dukes. He invaded Italy, starting a long tradition of German interference in that peninsula, and made himself King of Italy. He was then crowned emperor by the pope himself (962). The strong points were; l) fragmentation of political power; 2) public power in private hands; and 3) armed forces secured through private contracts. Feudalism is, therefore, a method of government, and a way of securing the forces necessary to preserve that method of government. It is also an extreme form of decentralization. There many centers of power. Power does not reside at a center, or at the top, even though there a pyramidal structure in theory, with the emperor at the top and the simple knight at the bottom. The weak points were weak central power and realizing that a strong defense relied on a single leader. Napoleon was a leader during that time. Feudalism in Germany ended in the 15th century at about the same time England's Feudalism ended, as well as the rest of Europe's feudalism.

James Decartes essays

James Decartes essays World War I left many families dead, creating large numbers of orphans. Jamaie (later to become James) Decartes was one of those orphans. His father died in the trenches in France, and his mother was stolen away, never to be seen again. James was 14 when this happened, he hid under floor boards when his mother was taken away. His humble french hometown village, was over run with german foot traffic, traveling to and from the front line. James decided this was no life for him, so he ran south, towards Switzerland, which he knew wasn't involved in the war, trying to seek asylum. He traveled by the cover of night, seeking charity from locals, and trying dodge the german military machine. James refused to be beaten by the germans, he would sabotage trucks, and other equipment, to do his part for his country. His spirit was undominatable, which is probably why his sire Sven Troile took notice of him. Sven had recently left Russia, due to the war, and the hardships with kindred p olitics there. Sven sought to establish a brujah presence in the toreador dominated france after the war. For this Sven would need help, taking notice of James, he watched over him and his travel, not letting himself be known. James may very well have died, if it werent for Sven, but James didn't know that. Eventually James made it to switzerland, being a neutral party in the war, the soilders would not let him enter the country. Confused as to what to do than, he started towards spain, but feared that he would find no security there. Along his way towards spain, he met up with a swiss farmer outside the country lines (through some persuasion down the road from sven), he was invited to be smuggled inside the country. This is when he first met Sven, whos very presence awed James. James, who was still young and impressionable, quickly latched onto Svens magnetic personality. James thought Sven was hiding for the war also, which gav...

Welcome Home essays

Welcome Home essays Nikki Yolande Giovanni is one of Americas most recent poets who gained fame as a writer during the 1060s. Nikki Giovanni, better known as the poet of the people wrote in hopes of influencing the Civil Rights Movement and the womens movement. Later on in her writing career, her areas of writing spread to politics and childrens books, allowing a greater audience to relate to what she had to say. Her African-American heritage has greatly influenced her writing, leading her to be one of the most widely read poets of today. She was not an author who wrote to entertain, but rather an author who wanted her voice to be heard. Before Nikkis birth, Nikkis family had to flee their home in Albany, Georgia to Knoxville, Tennessee in order to flee persecution by whites because of something her grandmother had said. She went to school in a segregated school for girls. Nikki played small roles in the Civil Rights Movement by doing small things as marching with other blacks to protest a recent hate crime. In reading Nikki Giovanni's, Love Poems, I felt that she has been tricked or mistreated with men in her lifetime. But on the other hand, I believe she was also in love. Her poems inspire young people to watch who they are dating and what could happen while being with someone special. Giovanni talks about things that could lead up to sexual intercourse, also. However, men in her life may have cheated and lied to her. In addition, maybe she was deeply in love with a man that just did not treat her like a woman. In one way or another, Giovanni is smart, straight to the point and has emotionally candid poems. But she turns somber and reflective as she expresses the love at a daughter and mother, and how a woman's deep down love for a man that far outlasts the giddy romp of romance. Donna Seaman from Booklist states, "Giovanni is one of ...

Action research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Action research - Essay Example This study aims at analyzing the pros and cons of action research. This will aid in understanding the benefits accrued by practitioners as well as shortfalls of action research. Action research is a process of practitioners checking their work to confirm if it is as good as they want. As action research is done by, the practitioner is often referred to practitioner-based research or even self reflecting practice as it entails checking the effectiveness of work done personally (Dick 440). Action 5research is not a replacement of quasi-experimental research but acts as a means of finding out results where other research paradigms may not be effective. This is due to the difference in the conditions inherent with different research conditions for the choice of a research paradigm to be utilized. Action research is mainly used for the analysis of an ongoing situation for example performance in a work environment. A choice of a research paradigm depends on it being able to meet the method ology and goals of the research. Action research, as a paradigm, was mainly used for the improvement of the teaching profession, which is the main reason for pros and cons of action research examples being centered on education. ... This is possible owing to the better understanding of the practices in the profession that will be effective in meeting the needs and inculcated by practitioners for the development of the culture. Action research also has an advantage of augmenting the practitioner’s problem solving abilities within and without their service delivery centers. For teachers, this is possible through an interactive process of the augmented process of the teachers to be analytical in the course of taking part in research. Action research aids teachers to be more reflective of the situation they are faced in and the ability of meeting the requirements of the students. Critical analysis of own teaching styles and methods is another requirement of action research. The consequence of incorporation of critical evaluation of teaching styles, analysis, and reflection results in the ability of the teachers to solve problems. Action research has the ability of sharpening reasoning abilities of the practit ioner and aids them in the development of measures of self monitoring to augment performance effectiveness. Through action research, teachers become more aware of their teaching practices, the difference between practice and beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and learning of their pupils. This allows them to tailor their teaching in a well reasoned and with high skill to meet the learning requirements of their pupils. Action research also aids in the ability of teachers to focus on student explanation and conceptions. This is brought about by the fact that action research involves collecting data on student’s understanding and thinking, making teachers understand the students better (Calhoun 33) The research base of practitioners augments with participation in action research. This is due

Write your own topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Write your own topic - Essay Example The basic distinction in views lies in identifying whether poverty is to be measured as a relative or absolute concept. On one side there is an unofficial coalition of government agencies, departments and many private sector organizations who posit their common mandate to be alleviating poverty. This group is in essence socialistic in its support for a highly regulated economy where, significant increases in government spending towards social problems are favoured (Goldberg & Pulkingham, 1999). On the other hand, there is the ‘pro-market’ coalition. This group is populated by both government and private sector agencies and institutions which converge towards a primary objective of promoting business in Canada and increasing trade between Canada and other nations. The ‘pro-business’ group supports a much less regulated economy and may be classified as political and fiscal conservatives who favour much less spending by the government on social issues and decreased taxation (Ligaya, 2007). The difference among these groups regarding the notion of poverty and its measurement finds its source in the way poverty is defined and measured by each of these groups. The first group assumes income to be the defining quality and arrives at a set of poverty lines for both individuals and families for different regions. As an example, the poverty line was set to be $33,365 for a family of four persons living in Toronto in 2004. Thus, families with similar characteristics whose pre-tax income was less than the foresaid amount were said to be living in poverty (Pohl, 2002). The second coalition, the ‘pro business’ group, contradicts the first group by describing their measures to be too broad to be pragmatic and thus deducing that, the set poverty lines resulting from the measures are inflated; thereby exaggerating condition of poverty in Canada. This group adopts a definition of poverty which is more restrictive and their means of measuring poverty